Amendments For The United States - 1562 Words

Scott Poole Dr. Carlson Govt 101 October 19, 2015 Term Paper on Amendments Amendments are what hold this country together and need to be maintained. The social contract makes the assertion that the people give up a few of their freedoms and rights in exchange for protection (Barbour Wright, 2014). This idea of freedom for the people spread to the new colonies. These new colonies gradually developed into more advanced systems of freedoms and equalities. Initially, the United States had no power in the central government with the Articles of Confederation. This led the U.S. to form the U.S. Constitution. The Constitution establishes a checks and balances system and separation of powers. The constitution is still used to operate under and is a living, breathing document. In this living document are the Bill of Rights, which guarantee civil liberties. The first ten amendments are some of the most important amendments. From freedom of speech and freedom of the press to guaranteeing that the people hold power not given to the states or government, the first 10 amendments are the premise of the nation. The government is ideally set up to support these amendments; however, in recent times, some amendments may seem unsupported by the government. The first amendment has been imposed upon in more recent times with things such as free speech zones in colleges and laws such as the Federal Restricted Buildings and Grounds Improvement Act of 2011 (H.R 347). The Federal RestrictedShow MoreRelatedThe Amendment Of The United States1848 Words   |  8 PagesThe Bill of Right is the aggregate name for the initial ten Amendments of the United States Constitution, which limits the United States federal government. These restrictions serve to secure and protect the natural rights of liberty, including: freedom of religion, speech/press, assembly, and right to petition (seen in the First Amendment). The Founding Fathers needed to guarantee that no man could obtain unwarranted power, which could encroach on an individual’s rights – the rights that came fromRead MoreThe Second Amendment Of The United States1725 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Americans are deeply divided over the Second Amendment. Some passionately assert that the Amendment protects an individual’s right to own guns. Others, that it does no more than protect the right of states to maintain militias† (Cornell). The Second Amendment of the constitution gives citizens the right to bear arms, and is therefore one of the most important laws of the nation. This amendment holds an important value to our nation because, it prevents tyranny but, it also protects, spreads, andRead MoreThe Amendment Of The United States Constitution833 Words   |  4 Pagescensorship or restraint can be considered as a basic provision enshrined in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. To elaborate, the first amendment to the constitution prohibit the legislative arm of government in making of any law abridging the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press and prohibiting the petitioning for a governmental redress of grievances. Post this amendment, there have been several cases where the Supreme Court has been required to interpretRead MoreThe Second Amendment Of The United States1472 Words   |  6 PagesGun Control The Second Amendment of the constitution of the United States was adopted on December 15, 1791. â€Å"A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed† (Gun Control Laws). There is controversy on the exact meaning of the Second Amendment. There is also a lot of controversy surrounding guns and gun laws, and what could be done to prevent gun violence and mass shootings in our country. There has toRead MoreThe First Amendment Of The United States1647 Words   |  7 PagesFirst Amendment: Where It Originated and How to Protect It On September 17, 1787, the United States Constitution was signed by delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, who were directed by George Washington. The 1787 convention was called to draft a new legal system for the United States now that the states were free and colonized. This new Constitution was made to increase federal authority while still protecting the rights of citizens. It established America’s National GovernmentRead MoreThe Second Amendment Of The United States874 Words   |  4 PagesWhen comes to the second question’s answer; the citizens of the United States take power from the Second Amendment of the Constitution to get a gun. Second Amendment of the United States that was adopted in 1791 emphasizes, â€Å"Every individual was granted the right of gun ownership and bearing gun† (Diaz, 54). For those citizens who want to buy a gun can put their constitutional rights forward so that all barriers can easily be eliminated in front of owning a gun. People may want to have a gun dueRead MoreThe Amendment Act Of The United States1030 Words   |  5 Pages While there are many amendments to the U.S. Constitution that have impacted our society and nation, I believe that the 19th amendment to the Constitution is one of the most important events in our history. The 19th amendment states, â€Å"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.† (1) There are several reasons why I find this amendment to be important, and I will discuss each point. Women have been fightingRead MoreThe Second Amendment Of The United States1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fourth Amendment states in part â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated†¦.† 14 United States Code 89 gives the U.S. Coast Guard authority to boar d, inspect, or seize any U.S. vessel on the high seas or in U.S. territorial waters. The Supreme Court has ruled not every search or seizure requires probable cause or a search warrant, however, these are the exception to the rule. The CoastRead MoreThe Second Amendment Of The United States1367 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Second Amendment date back to the turn of the twentieth century because so many viewpoints and regulations have accumulated; it is all in the manner of which interpretation citizens subscribe to- loose verses strict interpretation. Due to the controversies, certain gun regulations have been enacted and fears have risen because of this. In the Second Amendment of the Constitution of the United States, it states, â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the rightRead MoreThe Second Amendment Of The United States1666 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The fourth amendment of the United States Bill of Rights states that â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† (â€Å"Bill of Rights†). Within the text of this amendment, the word ‘unreasonable’ is one

McIngvale, E., Bakos-Block, C., Hart, J., Bordnick, P....

McIngvale, E., Bakos-Block, C., Hart, J., Bordnick, P. S. (2012) defines Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as a neurobiological illness characterized by unwanted thoughts and/or images followed by repetitive rituals. About 5 million Americans live with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. OCD is a manageable illness when proper interventions are utilized. Treatment for OCD is limited due to the lack of adequately trained professionals and the high costs of treatment. Melvin Udall suffers from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Berzoff (2011) states obsessions are intrusive, recurrent, and persistent stereotypic thoughts, images, and ideas. They cause marked anxiety and distress. The thoughts are not simply excessive worries about real-life†¦show more content†¦Routine is a necessity for Melvin, if one thing in his normal routine is disrupted, whether it is people eating at â€Å"his table,† or the waitress that normally brings him his food is not at the restaurant he becomes quite irritable. Melvin gets very uncomfortable and almost panicked in these situations and often uses sharp-tongued insults in order to calm himself down, or to get his way. It is almost as if Melvin has no regard for those around him, he is only concerned with himself. This is linked to the disorder, the obsessive thoughts that he has can only be fixed by one thing, the daily compulsions that he has in order to avoid some serious disaster that would occur if these daily rituals are not completed. Melvin also will not walk on a crack or line in the sidewalk, again to avert from some serious disaster occurring. Melvin Udall suffers from OCD very prevalently in his life. No matter he is at home or outside, he has the unwanted obsession thoughts of contamination all the time, and therefore engages in many different kinds of compulsion behavior. It is not easy to assert his age of onset. However, we know his occupation is writer who works at home and he has lived alone for many years. Probably the symptoms of OCD showed up since he began his novelist career or maybe his symptoms happed earlier during his young adulthood or adolescent even childhood. He had seen a counselor two years ago. Therefore he is aware of his own

Financial Cycle and Monetary Policy Independence

Question: Discuss about the Financial Cycle and Monetary Policy Independence. Answer: Introduction: In this modern competitive, every organization is incorporating new strategies every now and then to survive in the race and beat the rivals. The organizational management of every organization is looking for the opportunities to introduce their business into the global market. The given case study has concentrated on an organization called Red Fish- Blue Fish. The organization has started its journey in 2007. Fran Fisher, the CEO of Red Fish- Blue Fish has started this organization with two other leaders of this organization- Eric Lynch and Jeff Fisher, senior vice president and vice president of the Red Fish Blue Fish. The organization has faced several positive and negative aspects from the beginning. The organizational management has successfully expanded their business domestically. However, the organization experienced difficulty in the global market. According to the CEO of the company, they are doing well in the Canadian market, but they are facing various challenges in the A sian Market (redfish-bluefish.com, 2017). The below mentioned article is discussing about the challenges the organization Red Fish and Blue Fish is experiencing. It has enlightened the fact that what makes the Asian countries attractive for trade. The report has articulated the advantages and impact of trade treaty on the business organizations like Red Fish Blue Fish. Therefore, it has mentioned what is the reason for success of Red Fish-Blue Fish and how it can maintain its competitive advantage. There are many reasons that have influenced the success of the organization. The organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish has done research work to identify the loopholes in their logistic management. As per the result of that research work, although Red Fish- Blue Fish is a renowned name, the organization has failed to achieve the organizational target in the Asian Market. The organizational management has introduced some unique and innovative steps into their organizational strategies which have helped the organization to beat several obstacles to achieve the desired position in the industry. The development of every organization depends on the organizational strategies. The organizational management has concentrated on their logistic management to improve the quality of their service and set an example in the global market (Adekola and Sergi 2016). The organizational management has taken an innovative step to expand their business in China. It has purchased maximum fish of China. The organization faces various difficulties in the Asian Market. According to the organizational management of Red Fish-Blue Fish it will be helpful for their organization. The organizational management has taken another unique step to spread their network in the Asian Market. The management has developed websites for China, Japan and India to promote their online business. The CEO, Fran Fisher has appointed some interns for conducting research work on supply chain management. It is one of the remarkable steps taken by the organizational management of Red Fish Blue Fish. It is important for every organization to conduct a research work to observe the market demand, market situation. Such Research work often helps the business organization to achieve the desired position in the industry. The result of this research has provided a vivid picture of global market. The organizational management has identified the need of the Trans-Pacific Trade agreement which is useful for running business in the Asian countries and the demographics of Asian countries (redfish-bluefish.com, 2017). There are many examples of successful market research and unsuccessful market research that has influenced the success of the organizations. An exemplary example of failed market research is the Ford Edsel. The organizational management has not conducted the market research in an appropriate manner. The management has tried to offer their consumers a product that has everything. However, the organizational management has overlooked a major issue while conducting the market research, that it is not possible for any product to have everything. Moreover, the Ford Edsel was competing against its own products. The organizational management has faced massive crisis due to this wrong step (Abbott, Levi-Faur and Snidal 2017). On the other hand Lego is an example of successful market research. It is a toy manufacturing industry. The organizational management of Leg has conducted a market research in which it has identifies that only nine percent of girls play with their toys. Therefore, it ha s concentrated on making games and toys for the girl. Before starting the production of toys for girls, the organizational management has conducted another market research to identify the playing habits of the girls. This unique steps has led Lego to achieve the desired position in the toy industry (Adekola and Sergi 2016). Competitive Advantage: Maintaining competitive advantage is highly required to achieve the desired target and earn reputation in the society. Being a multinational organization, Red Fish- Blue Fish must maintain their competitive advantage. It will be helpful for the organization to fight against various obstacles, rivals and run the business domestically as well as internationally. There are some important ways by which the organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish can maintain its competitive advantage. The organizational management of Red Fish-Blue Fish must include these strategies into their rule book (Kim, Hoskisson and Lee 2015). Some of the important strategies are: The organizational management must use some effective communication tools to interact with their consumers. In this online era, people often access their social networking sites to keep in touch with rest of the world. The organizational management of Red Fish-Blue Fish must use all the modern communication tools to promote their business to the global market. It will help the organization to understand the requirement of the consumers. The success of every organization is highly dependent on understanding the demand of the consumers (Caballero, Panizza and Powell 2015). The organizational management must focus on the development of the society. The management must provide their support to the needy and poverty stricken people of the society. The organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish must be careful and consider the environmental issues while constructing their organizational strategy. They management must establish their strategy in such a manner so organizational activities do not harm the environment and the people around the organization. It will help the organization to obtain the reputation in the society and promote the rand name (Cavusgil, Knight and Riesenberger 2013). Employees are the key elements of every organization. The organizational management of Red Fish-Blue Fish must take care of their employees. It will be beneficial for the development of the organization. It will boost the motivation of the employees and influence them to give their best performance to achieve the organizational target. The organizational must appreciate their employees for achieving short-term goals. It will encourage employees to contribute to achieve the long-term goal for the organization. The organizational management must review their performance. It will give them a clear idea about their flaws. It is important to improve the quality of service. The organizational management must think from consumers perspective, so they can identify the requirement of their consumers. It will improve the quality of organizational service. Previously mentioned strategies are not only beneficial for Red Fish- Blue Fish. It is suitable for every organization. The management of other organizations can also incorporate these plans into their organizations for the development of their organization. These strategies will be helpful for them to achieve organizational target (Cavusgil, Knight and Riesenberger 2013). Advantages of Trade Agreement: In the given case study it can be seen that after the research work done by the Penn States Supply Chain Programs students the organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish has come to know about the Trans-Pacific Trade Agreement. It is a free trade treaty between Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the United States and Vietnam (Kimura and Obashi 2016). There are various advantages of these types of trade agreement such as: Free trade agreements provide opportunity to all countries to develop their social- cultural and economical infrastructure by introducing their products and goods in the global market. Trade agreements reduce the tariff barriers. Eventually the prices of the products also get reduced. It is highly beneficial for the consumers as well as the business organizations (Miranda-Agrippino and Rey 2015). Free trade agreements increase the margin of exporting goods from the foreign countries. It is a major benefit for the consumers as well as for the business organizations. The increment of trade is beneficial for the growth of the financial infrastructure of the related country. Free trade will help the business organization to spread their network into the global market and earn mire revenues. Eventually the annual income of the country will be increased which is highly beneficial for standard living. Free trade treaties are responsible for using the surplus raw materials. An exemplary example of such practice is Qatar. Qatar preserves a huge amount of oil, but it does not have much opportunity for trade. Thus, there would not have much benefit of having oil. On the contrary, there are many countries that have sufficient resources with trade opportunity which is beneficial for the economic structure of the country (Oh and Contractor 2014). Free trade agreements are highly beneficial for the organizations like Red Fish-Blue Fish as it gives these organizations an opportunity to introduce their products and services into the global market. It enhances the scope for these organizations to make huge revenue which is highly beneficial for the growth of the organization. Although, Red Fish- Blue Fish is successfully running their business domestically, the organizational management always looks for opportunities to expand their business in the international market. Free trade agreements help the organization to reach to maximum number of consumers to promote their products (Patriotta, Castellano and Wright 2013). The Advantages of Expanding Business in Asian Countries: Most of the foreign business organizations look for opportunities to expand their business in the Asian countries. The organizational management concentrates on China, Brazil and India to expand their business. There are some benefits to expand business in the India and other Asian Countries, like- all Asian countries possess high population rate, which is highly beneficial for the growth of the international business organizations. It gives an opportunity to the foreign business organization to make huge profit (Purvis, Naim and Towill 2013). Red Fish- Blue Fish may face various challenges while expanding their business in te Asian market (Rey 2015), such as- Currency Convertibility issue may faces by the organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish. It is harmful for the management to run expand their business successfully. The legal system of Asian countries is different from other continents. There are various rights that restrict the activities of foreign industries like intellectual property protection right. Red Fish- Blue Fish management may face various challenges due to this issue. Asian Countries possess different business culture. The ideologies are different. It can be a major challenge for the organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish. The communication gap between the Asian countries and other countries may work as a challenge for Red Fish Blue Fish (Rothaermel 2015). Global Intermediaries: Global intermediaries will be helpful for Red Fish- Blue Fish to expand their business globally. It will be an effective and efficient for the organization as it will helps them to complete international ventures successfully. The organization will be able to fulfill the requirement of international consumers. This will ensure the growth of the Red Fish- Blue Fish (Stoian 2013). The Red Fish- Blue Fish must associate with the local franchises. Local franchises have the clear idea about the requirements of the local consumer. It will be helpful for the organizational management to identify the requirement of the foreign consumers via local franchises (Szablowski 2015). Red Fish- Blue Fish organization must open its branches in the Asian Countries to deal with the local customers. The organizational management must update about their new products and new launches in their websites. It will give a clear picture about the products and services of Red Fish- Blue Fish to their Asian consumers (Tian 2016). The organizational management may use the local media of Asian Countries to promote their brand. It will be helpful to raise the profit margin in the Asian Countries. Organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish must follow the business rules and regulations of Asian countries and maintain a good relation with government to run business successfully (Wise 2014). Conclusion: As per the previous discussion, it can be concluded that although, Red Fish- Blue Fish has achieved desired target domestically, it has faced various difficulties in international market, especially in the Asian Countries. The profit margin in the Asian countries is quite low. There are various challenges that the organization is facing in the Asian market such as- financial issues, business policy issues and so on. However, the Asian countries are considered one of the major targets for Red Fish- Blue Fish due to its large population. Being one of the leading organizations in the Australia, Red Fish- Blue Fish must expand their business into the global market. In order to achieve success in the international market especially in the Asian Market the organization must maintain good relation with the local government and must adopt the business policy of the those countries. The organizational management must improve the quality of their service and other inner qualities to ensure the growth of the organization in the global market. The organizational management must strengthen qualities to beat its competitors and lead the global market. Although the organizational management of Red Fish- Blue Fish has embraced many new techniques to ensure the growth like- websites for the Asian countries, maintaining a strong supply chain management with China by purchasing the maximum fish, the management must introduce some new changes to influence the growth of the organization. Reference: Abbott, K.W., Levi-Faur, D. and Snidal, D., 2017. Theorizing regulatory intermediaries: The RIT model.The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,670(1), pp.14-35. Adekola, A. and Sergi, B.S., 2016.Global business management: A cross-cultural perspective. Routledge. Caballero, J., Panizza, U. and Powell, A., 2015. The second wave of global liquidity: Why are firms acting like financial intermediaries?. Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G.A. and Riesenberger, J.R., 2013.A framework for international business. Pearson. Kim, H., Hoskisson, R.E. and Lee, S.H., 2015. Why strategic factor markets matter:New multinationals' geographic diversification and firm profitability.Strategic Management Journal,36(4), pp.518-536. Kimura, F. and Obashi, A., 2016. Production networks in East Asia: What we know so far. InProduction Networks and Enterprises in East Asia(pp. 33-64). Springer Japan. Miranda-Agrippino, S. and Rey, H., 2015.World asset markets and the global financial cycle(No. w21722). National Bureau of Economic Research. Oh, C.H. and Contractor, F., 2014. A regional perspective on multinational expansion strategies: Reconsidering the three?stage paradigm.British Journal of Management,25(S1), pp.S42-S59. Patriotta, G., Castellano, A. and Wright, M., 2013. Coordinating knowledge transfer: Global managers as higher-level intermediaries.Journal of World Business,48(4), pp.515-526. Purvis, L., Naim, M.M. and Towill, D., 2013. Intermediation in agile global fashion supply chains.International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology,5(2), pp.38-48. redfish-bluefish.com. (2017). Seafood Eatery by the Seaside. Rey, H., 2015.Dilemma not trilemma: the global financial cycle and monetary policy independence(No. w21162). National Bureau of Economic Research. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Stoian, C., 2013. Extending Dunning's investment development path: The role of home country institutional determinants in explaining outward foreign direct investment.International Business Review,22(3), pp.615-637. Szablowski, D., 2015, July. Social Consulting Firms As Regulatory Intermediaries and the Respatialization of Rights in CSR Governance. In27th Annual Meeting. Sase. Tian, X., 2016.Managing international business in China. Cambridge University Press. Wise, E., 2014.Service stations along global knowledge pipelines-on innovation intermediaries' function in fostering globalized innovation processes. Research Policy Institute, Lund University.

Unfinished Alumni Tracking System free essay sample

It has a vision that states, Forbes College is the leading proactive educational institution dedicated to the fulfillment of the lives of the Filipinos through quality education, offering job-ready courses at the most affordable rate. Since the establishment of the institution in the year 2008, it already produced skill-trained graduates and they are continuously making the school curriculum more globally advance for future alumni and employees in industries. Non the current social, political and economic environment, colleges must be able to demonstrate their effectiveness.Students are investing on programs based on the labor market success of graduates. Legislators are emphasizing accountability in college operations and many jurisdictions require the publication of outcome measures. Economic growth and productivity in a knowledge economy depend on the availability of highly trained workers to meet employer needs. To deal with these pressures, colleges must track their graduates and document labor market outcomes. Tracking System is generally a program capable of rendering virtual space to a human observer while tracking the observers body coordinates. We will write a custom essay sample on Unfinished Alumni Tracking System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Generally, tracking is observing people or t hinds on the move and supplying timely ordered sequence of respective location data to a model e. . Capable to serve for depicting the motion on a display capability. Inline alumni tracking provide the ability to track alumni of a college or university using internet for the purpose of helping to demonstrate compliance with the accreditation standards required for departments in higher institutions. Institutions are organizing reunions by sending letters through fax, radio announcements, television advertisements and posters or banners.These are the manual process they are doing to have connection with the graduates. In the future, these could also be the process that Forbes College Inc. Will adopt. This Online Tracking system will lessen the burdens of organizing alumni reunions and in keeping track of the records of the graduates. The proposed study on Forbes College Online Alumni Tracking System aims to support the institution on developing and designing an interface system. This will contribute on tracking and updating the graduates or alumni of Forbes College Inc.The Forbes College Online Alumni Tracking System (FACTS) is designed to support process in an efficient and effective manner. OBJECTIVES The general objective of the study is to develop an Online Tracking System of Forbes College Inc. Specifically it aims to: 1. To identify the current system adopted by Forbes College in terms of: a. Tracking the alumni b. Providing an easy accessibility for alumni c. Staying connected to the Alma Matter 2. To identify the encountered problems of Forbes College in terms : 3. To offer solution on problems encountered of Forbes College in terms of: a.Tracking the alumni PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION The study aim to develop a system entitled Forbes College Online Alumni Tracking System (APOSTASY. Its main purpose is to: (a) track the alumni of the school (b) track the alumni employment status (c) update alumni general information d) inform alumni about job opportunities (e) evaluate suggestions and comments from alumni The study is an online system which is composed of log in and log out, registration, a friend request type, gallery of events, and comments/ suggestions on the school curriculum, activities, and events put together in one comment box. These features will help the institution track the graduates and it can be easily for them to organize a class reunion with this social networking type of system. The graduates will log in on the homepage using their email address. Fifth email address typed matches to one of the email address on database, thats the only time that the system will send temporary password on users email account. That email, is written on the enrolment form and the emails saved in the database are only the emails of graduates.The system will provide a change password feature every time the users log in. As long as the user is still log in, he or she can view other users of the system. They can also view the gallery of events, making them updated on the activities on their Alma Matter. The registration form will help the faculty track the graduates address, employment record and status. The form will update he general information of the user saved on the database with the present data they supply on the form.The comment box on the website provides the user the freedom to give their comments, questions and suggestions on the curriculum and school activities. Scope AND DELIMITATION The study was expected to produce a reliable interface, function and interactivity with the users or alumni of Forbes College Online Alumni Tracking System. It can help the institution in tracking and determining the number of graduates, tracking graduates employment status, and evaluating graduates comments or suggestions, thus, helping the school on improving TTS services, curriculum and activities.In this study, security of data and strict accessibility of the system is prioritize. For security and to avoid loss of important data, the record of graduates has a reliable storage or datab ase. The information about enrollment, grades of students, subjects, and schedule of classes are not covered by the study. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The researchers developed the system for the benefit of the institution, specifically to the following: ALUMNI. This proposed system will help the graduates in having communication with the Alma Matter.REGISTRAR/UP- COO. This will be the Administrator of the proposed system and it will help to lessen their work loads. FORBES COLLEGE. The school will be benefited of this study since the tracking system Will help on improving the school curriculum through the comments or suggestions posted by the alumni on the websites. This will serve also as their edge with other institutions. RESEARCHERS. This study may serve as reference materials for researchers, developers and students who wish to conduct a study to this proposal.NOTES: 1 (2012, 02). Tracking systematized). Studded. Com. Retrieved 02, 201 2, room http://www. Studded. Com/essays/Tracking-System- Undone-914967. HTML 2 http://WV. Forbes. Du. PH/ 3 http://www. Fit-system. Hummer. Ca/gradiometers. HTML 4 http://courageous. Net/projects/alumni-tracker/ CHAPTER II THEORETICAL BACKGROUND In this chapter it will be focuses on the review on related literature and studies both local and foreign that is related on the proposed system. This will be the building blocks of the proposed system.Review on Related Literature In the review of related literature for the research of the current system and the new system that will be developed. The purpose of this is to convey the reader about the knowledge and also can established the ideas have been on a topic and what are the strengths and weaknesses. Foreign An alumni tracking provide the ability to track alumni of a college or university for the purposes of helping to demonstrate compliance with the accreditation standards required for departments in higher education . Universities, colleges, and higher education institution need flexible higher education software that connects schools, departments and functions. They need technology that gives them a holistic view of their constituents to help he advancement office build strong and productive relationships. Tracking systems would be a big help on different institutions on gaining profits. With the advent of technology, industries and organizations are continuously creating databases and software that would help in easy management of systems processes and transactions.According to Rick Neumann (Class Of 1 970 Reunion Committee Chair, Alumni of Walt Whitman High School, Bethesda, Maryland), We have been quite successful at putting together simple, low-cost reunions, and were happy to share our experiences and provide some tips with the aid of our alumni website and database. 2 One example is the Alumni Tracking database, the newest release of the IS Alumni database project created at Georgia Southern University for the Information Systems Department in the College of IT.The IS Alumni database was first designed for the IS Department and then the IT Department requested a similar product, as it was required by the BAIT accreditation standards to begin tracking alumni as a part of demonstrating program accountability. The Information Systems Software Development Group within the College of IT modified the IS Alumni database components with additional information fields and reports so as to make it a product that could be used by all departments within the College of IT. The IS Alumni database has been in use by the IS Department for almost Non years.The Alumni Tracking database was deployed for the College of IT in September of 2006 and is now being used. This project is supported by the Information Systems Software Development Group of Georgia Southern U niversitys College of Information Technology. 3 On the College Student Journal 2005 of Ingram, Kathleen W. , Haynes, Linda L. , Davidson-Shivers, Galley V. , and Irvin, Richard reveals some views about alumni tracking process. It is how to maintain continuous contact with alumni and seek their advice regarding the program that concerns most of the tracking system.Maintaining a sense of community among alumni of a graduate program is difficult. It is even more difficult if the program itself is made up of adult students who mostly work fulfillment, have family and other responsibilities, and perhaps do not have the time to invest in developing professional relationships while they are in the program. 4 On the news page of Quaffs University website they published that it is significant to keep alumni informed about ongoing news, formed meetings, vents, latest innovations, recent activities, available job vacancies and seminars, all of which are realized via Alumni Yahoo Group. Currently, the number of active group members exceeds fifteen hundred graduates. Periodic meetings and homecoming events with Quaffs University alumni members create a win-win situation where both the university and graduates can benefit from mutual share of ideas, offers, opportunities and information. Alumni, are welcomed anytime and provided with necessary advice if needed . 5 Local As a result of modern technology, Alumni Registration has also invaded the net through online system.Online Alumni Registration is better than manual for fast and effective registration. Based on the research of Landfill, Abigail P. And Mendoza, Fee M. Of Tagging City University, registration office faced a lot Of problem regarding manual registration process. In this case, the proponent decided to develop a website that will help registrar in the process of registration, a site that can benefit both the University and Alumni in terms of time, money and effort. The site is designed to make the process more accessible . The Our Lady of Fatima University reveals their objectives in creating an alumni tracking system on their news page stating establishing structure for overall coordination of Alumni Homecoming Events and other alumni sponsored or related activities, maintenance of a central database on graduate contact information including participation in Alumni Tracking programs in conjunction with the Research and Development Center, Establish Alumni Card System, Establish program for Outstanding Alumni Recognition and Establish Alumni Scholarship Program.This only proves that alumni tracking system is really needed on an instit ution. On a Graduate International Insight Review Article (2009), it stated that an alumni tracking system will provide the core information for building and refining alumni relations program, ensuring a coherent move towards continuous improvement. The study is a unique tracking mechanism for institutions committed to understanding the outcomes, career progression and reflections of their alumni, both international and domestic. In addition to tracking career status and progression of the alumni, the study identifies what alumni think and feel about the totality of their experience in an institution, how that experience has benefited them in their lives and in the oracle, and what their current aspirations and needs are from the workplace, from life and from everybody. The study also benchmarks the results against rival institutions and track progress year-on-year. It explains the benefits of an alumni tracking system for an institution.On Building an Alumni Support Community Tracking Alumni for Program Evaluation and Added Value (2003) of FIJI explained the development of a systematic process for locating instructional design alumni and recruiting them to provide feedback from their work places. The purpose of initiating his process is related to program improvement through alumni participation. The process for tracking, contacting, and gathering data from alumni is described. Their initial findings show t hat while the alumni of both the Masters and Ph. D. Instructional design program work in a variety of disciplines, almost all of their job descriptions include activities related to instructional design practice. In addition, it stated that the respondents overall, felt successful. One of an Alumni Association depicts reality about researches that suggests students who are active in life of college campus, primarily through voluntary association in student activities and organizations are likely to be more philanthropic toward their alma mater than those who less involved, or not involved at all.They mentioned that one key assumption to ensure future alumni support lies in making entertainment students graduate with a positive overall attitude about their educational experience. Graduate who leaves with negative feelings about their alma mater will most likely never respond to request for financial support. Review on Related Studies The reviews on related studies conducted by the proponents has relation to the proposed study. This topic was cited to see the similarities and gaps for the purpose of emphasizing the existing system.The related study was reviewed to support the study and to make improvement to the existing system. Foreign The USC school of public policy, Planning, and Development (USC ESP.) needed a tool to help connect their current students seeking internship and internships with Spuds vast alumni network of working professionals. They created a web-based application that integrates with Cusss alumni database (Oracles Peoples) and provides additional reporting, tracking, and filtering on top of that data. The system is called the Student Affairs Alumni Tracking System (STATS). This was successfully launched in March, 2009. The Stanford university alumni tracking system is unique on all alumni website. Aside from tracking the graduates, this is the only website that is linked on their university library. Users or alumni can buy books online available on their school library and they pay it through pay pal. 7 It also track the graduates the only difference to the proposed study is, it will not be linked to school library. Another system was about the University of Oxford. Their tracking system as linked on enrollment system because it provides the browsers and users the steps of enrollment process.They have also a map that is use to track the total number of students who studied on the university by selecting on a drown menu of different countries. 8 It also track the graduates the only difference to the proposed study is, it will not be linked to enrollment system, The University of New Castle of Australia system not just only tracks the students, but provide the students access on their grades and records. It is linked on enrollment and grading system of the school. 9 It also track the radiates the only difference to the proposed study is, it will not be linked to enrollment and grading system.The University of Texas Elementary School (TUTEES, a charter school operated by the university of Texas at Austin) Tracking System is used to track the educational achievements of its alumni. They also compare it to peers to determine the effects of attending TUTEES. This system provides an overview of an existing system on school. They offers advice and insight from other charter school administrators who have alumni-tracking experience, recommends data to collect, and outlines a plan of action including the accessory steps to gather such information of graduates. ID It also tracks the graduates; specifically the elementary graduates. The only difference is the proposed study will track the college graduates. Local The researchers: team Anyplace of CEDI Sorenson Alumni Tracking System is responsible in tracing the status of CEDI Sorenson graduates especially their respective careers. It also features the job opportunities by the selected company, school events and their profile photo. This really helps the institution on building strong alumni communication and camaraderie. 1 1Another study was conducted on CAT (Computer Arts and Technology College) entitled CAT Alumni Tracking System. This system is online and has an interface like faceable. Com. Except from tracking the graduates, it is also use as a medium of communication through friend requests, sending messages, and uploading pictures. They use this to organize alumni reunions and post updates about the institution. The Philippine Science High School (SSH) Alumni Tracking System has the same features with the CAT; the only difference is the system of SSH has a weak security.Anyone can register to the system and fill up the form serenading if he or she is a member of the institution . 12 The Our Lady of Fatima University has only an Alumni Card System which helps on establishing Alumni newsletter, Alumni scholarship, Alumni organization of events, programs and tracking of graduates from 2007-2011. It uses a wide range of database for graduates general information. 13 The proposed study will use also a wide storage database for tracking the graduates information and status.The University of the East Philippines used their alumni system to develop close ties among the graduates of the university with their online website and tracking system. They have a login form, a registration and a souvenir shop where they can get their souvenirs on the site. 14 The proposed study will have also a login and a registration form. Synthesis of the Art The studies conducted by Philippine Science High School and University East of the Philippines used database and tracking system in forming alumni reunions, programs, activities and associations.Likewise, the Maryland University provides the same functionality to its institution; the only difference is the system is linked on its enrollment system. Anyone can view the information about enrollment, upcoming events and alumni achievers ND achievements. These studies mentioned are related to the proposed system with one main objective: to track the graduates in order to have an easy way of communications in disseminating relevant university and alumni news.Gap to be Bridge of the Study The system of CAT (Computer Arts and Technology College) Alumni Tracking System and CD-Sorenson Alumni Tracking System has lead to a big development on the institution specially on organizing alumni associations and activities. Their faceable-type systems are a good medium of communication between the graduates and the institution. This Forbes College Online Alumni Tracking System will have features where users can set limits on can adding him or her as a friend by the type of course that users graduated. In this system, there is strict user privacy.Bubblier users can report to the admit ,block their friends into users inbox, the admit can post a message into all users of the system and the admit can warn the reported users or remove its accessibilit y to the system. Theoretical Framework There are theories that make a big contribution on different studies, specifically for systems feasibility and development. In this study, we used he General Systems Theory. The General Systems Theory is based on the assumption that there are universal principles Of organization, which holds for all systems are they physical, chemical, biological, mental, or social.

Role of Middle Management and Motivation

Role of Middle Management and Motivation Free Online Research Papers ROLE OF MIDDLE MANAGEMENT (a) WHAT IS MANAGEMENT? Management is a process or function that co-ordinates the activities and operations within an organisation, with the aim of producing a saleable product safely and at a more cost effective rate than similar organisations targeting the same market. WHY IS MANAGEMENT IMPORTANT? The main aim of an organisation is to produce a saleable product with the aim of making a profit. To achieve this objective it is imperative that the activities or operations necessary to produce the required product in terms of safety, quality and cost are conducted in a controlled and goal orientated manner. Hence, management is the critical factor in an organisation that optimises the utilisation of men, machines, money, materials and minutes to ultimately maximise profit. Effective management in a successful organisation will result in the communities within which they operate to prosper, as it will be a vehicle for job creation should the company expand and a general uplifting of the standard of living. (b) FIVE ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT MANAGEMENT LOOKS FOR IN SELECTING A SUPERVISOR, EXPLAINING WHY THEY ARE SO IMPORTANT. Qualifications – Formal and Informal In the new South Africa and the introduction of the National Qualifications Framework, the experience and tested expertise of a person will be taken into account, should he possess no formal qualification. To this end, depending on the nature of the work to be done, the level of formal/informal qualifications required may vary considerably. However, it is essential that the right man is selected for the job, thus a proven minimum requirement of his technical knowledge of the field would be critical in the eyes of management. Basic management skills and principles Management place a high premium on the prospective supervisors ability to the planning and organising of the work, leading and controlling a team performing the work and evaluating the performance of that work relative to specific objectives. This characteristic is important as the potential supervisor displays his cognisance of the overall objectives of the organisation and acknowledges his input in the overall success thereof. Interpersonal skills Management in most industries have come to realise that their most important asset is in fact the people constituting an organisation. When selecting a supervisor, management focuses heavily on the individuals’ ability to relate and communicate effectively with both sub-ordinates and management alike, as this is the level at which most interactions between the general workforce and management occurs. Safety record Identifying with the fact that people are the organisations most important asset and that the mining industry is stringently regulated, management deem a supervisors ability to achieve the required objectives safely of paramount importance. Management also realises that poor safety performance in any team of the organisation is a demotivating factor that could detrimentally affect the performance of the organisation as a whole. Problem solving abilities For the organisation to operate effectively, management requires supervisors to operate independently by solving problems in their area of responsibility, timeously and correctly. (c) FIVE JOB RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUPERVISORS AND THE RELEVANCE TO MY WORK RESPONSIBILITIES. Planning and organising the job Ensure the daily production statistics from the three production units are captured correctly by the data-capturing clerk. Project the production performance to month end. Meet with the technical manager and production overseers daily to discuss the operation and the performance relative to the targets of the month. Monthly perform the physical planning of the operation for three months and present to the organisation’s management team. Achieving results through motivation Maintain a high level of motivation in the section is relevant to my line of work in that the operation I am employed at has only three years before closure and future job security creates uncertainty in workers. In addition, the organisation is one of six similar organisations under a single parent organisation and delivers the same outputs as them, yet they have a minimum of five people performing the same work as my section, where only two people are employed. Furthermore, the gradual downsizing of the operation due to closure in three years allows little in the form of opportunities for promotion in the foreseeable future. Thus, motivating the workers in the section is an ongoing issue to promote on a daily basis. Review previous planning On a monthly basis it is required to survey the actual production effort in the field and compare these results with the expected results of the previous planning meeting. This review meeting is held with management so that problems with regards geological models, machine efficiencies and previous planning can be identified and a workable alternative to the plan is found, so that the organisations goal can still be achieved or surpassed. Safety communication Meetings are conducted daily, before work commences, to communicate incidents or accidents and the primary causes, which had occurred in other areas of the organisation, or entire mining industry. These meetings ensure that effective controls can be put in place to prevent such injury in my section, if such control does not already exist. Training of sub-ordinates To remain abreast of technology and to ensure the best technology is employed in my work situation requires constant on-the-job training of my sub-ordinates. This training intervention allows me to identify inefficiencies in the section and invites worker participation in perfecting the system. (d) ANALYSIS OF A NORMAL DAYS WORK Technical / Operational skills – (45% of day) ? Safety meeting and daily task distribution 0.5 hours. ? Analysis of previous days production performance before production meeting – 1 hour. ? Production meeting with mine overseers and Technical Manager – 1 hour. ? Field visit – 1 hour ? Make alterations to plan based on above outcomes – 1 hour. Management skills – (55% of day) ? Attend operations meeting with Technical manager – 1 hour. ? Resolve issues raised by individuals in section – 2 hours. ? Review / analyse section cost reports – 0.5 hours. ? Strategic mine planning session 2 hours. This is the most effective situation under current conditions. This statement is substantiated by the fact that my section has produced sustained above average results over a prolonged period and by and large each member knows what is expected of him. This allows myself the chance to apply my skills, in conjunction with senior management, to exploit other potential opportunities of strategic value, which may prevent closure within the next three years. (e) THE RESOURCES I MANAGE AND HOW MANAGEMENT MEASURES MY PERFORMANCE. ? I have the direct control over two individuals and the accuracy of their efforts is audited on a daily basis by management. The daily statistics are distributed to ten management level employees who are acutely aware of their unit’s performance and relate inaccuracies on reports without hesitation, on a daily basis. ? The performance in the production field is compared on a monthly basis with tabled plans and forecasts I present (i.e. does the actual linear advance of particular machines correlate with planning at the previous planning meeting). ? I am furthermore measured on a monthly basis as to whether my section has operated within the financial budget constraints as determined at the start of the financial year. ? The safety performance of my section is measured against objectives set for the section at the start of the financial year. PART 2 MOTIVATION (a) IDENTIFY A MEMBER OF MY TEAM WHO IS UNMOTIVATED AND WHO IS DETRIMENTALLY AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TEAM. The individual whom I identified for this exercise will remain anonymous. (b) ‘SIGNS’ I USED TO INTERPRET THAT THE INDIVIDUAL IS UNMOTIVATED. He was always an outspoken and cheerful person, who had become sullen and prone to mood swings. He had become progressively more withdrawn, displaying a ‘don’t care’ attitude. Of late he had begun to make excuses to have time off from work or to leave work early. He did only what was expected of him, whereas he was an individual who would search for additional work in the past. Without any additional work responsibilities, it began to appear as if he could no longer get the work done in time. The normal impeccable presentation of his work had deteriorated. He elicited suggestions that he should possibly seek alternative employment. (c) DEVELOPING A PROGRAM TO ADDRESS THE PROBLEM. How I determined what the problem was. When the employee started withdrawing and became exceedingly moody, I approached him directly, bearing in mind that we had always prided our section as having open channels of communication. The employee receded into a state of anger and did not invite further dialogue towards resolving the problem, which he perceived to be a figment of my imagination. He further commented that if I was unable to find fault with his work, that I should leave him alone. I subsequently enquired as to why his work was not of the normal high standard and that the work all appeared to be rushed. The employee asked if his efforts were not good enough, if he does not mean anything to the organisation and what future was there for him in the organisation. This is how I determined the root cause of the employee’s lack of motivation. What instrument(s) / actions I used to determine this. I used situational leadership as a management tool to resolve the issue. I made use of the Developmental Task Analysis 11 to determine which specific style would be required to effectively manage the efforts of this employee. By identifying the employee’s high development level and obvious future aspirations, I realised that I would have to adopt a highly supportive management style to resolve the issue effectively. What instrument I used to determine what motivates this individual. I relied on effective interpersonal communication skills as an instrument to ascertain what motivates this employee. Management interventions I determined to address the problem and why. ? Providing opportunities to make presentations As an immediate intervention to prove to the employee that his contribution is valued and that the due recognition and criticisms becomes him, I made him responsible for presenting the planning schedules and review comparisons to the management team on a monthly basis. The presentations are however scrutinised in the section by all relevant role players. ? Job enrichment This intervention was added to his existing tasks to enhance the employee’s understanding of long term strategic planning and the implications poor planning could have over an extended period. ? Special assignments The organisation’s aspiration to become a benchmark company in the mining industry world-wide has caused a host of specific operations to be closely monitored. On an annual basis certain information / data collected over the period of a year is required to be submitted for comparison with other benchmark companies statistics. This task involves a serious learning curve, which is bound to broaden the individual’s technical knowledge. ? Job rotation I instituted a program whereby employees in the technical department relieve mine overseers in the field when they are on leave. The aim of this intervention was to afford both parties the exposure in different environments and hence develop a mutual respect for each other’s work and abilities. ? Career path development A career development path was designed with the employee by utilising the services of professional consultants. The advantage of a professional external opinion is that the results depicted are free of bias and highlight the potential ability and also the weaknesses of the employee. ? Understudy training The intervention of understudy training was a direct development undertaken from job rotation except the aim was to hone the skills of the problematic employee in his current field of expertise. What interventions were successful and why. ? Providing opportunities to make presentations This has been highly successful in that this intervention provided management with an additional control that ensures the organisation gets the planning right the first time. ? Job enrichment The effects of this intervention were dramatically successful in that the total methodology of operation has been changed, not with the purpose of extending the life of the organisation but operating at a lower cost in the last few years before closure. Interventions with limited success. ? Job rotation This intervention was successful from the point of the technical employee (the employee whose problem we were resolving) as he was able to quickly adapt to the production operation. The production mine overseer however did not possess the level of computer literacy to perform the most basic of planning functions. This practice was subsequently aborted and alternatives for this method of training are currently under investigation. ? Career path development The career development path that was formulated was in itself a success, but the employee was still not convinced of his possible advancement in the organisation since, according to his perception, less accomplished members of his peers in other mining houses were far ahead of him in the promotional route. ? Special assignments This intervention has been relatively unsuccessful in that no feedback has been given to the organisation or individual and the exercise does not cater for physical differences in the methodology and operation at different mines. The employee has felt that this exercise was time consuming with no real benefit to the organisation as such. Research Papers on Role of Middle Management and MotivationThe Project Managment Office SystemBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalResearch Process Part OneDefinition of Export QuotasOpen Architechture a white paperMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

Famous Pirates in Books and Movies

Famous Pirates in Books and Movies The fictional pirates of todays books and movies dont have much to do with the real-life buccaneers who sailed the seas centuries ago! Here are some of the most famous pirates of fiction, with their historical accuracy thrown in for good measure. Long John Silver Where he appears: Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson, and subsequently countless books, movies, TV shows, video games, etc. Robert Newton played him several times in the 1950s: his language and dialect are responsible for the pirate speak so popular today (Arrrr, matey!). He is an important character in the TV show Black Sails as well.Description: Long John Silver was a charming rogue. Young Jim Hawkins and his friends set out to find a great treasure: they hire a ship and crew, including the one-legged Silver. Silver is at first a loyal ally, but soon his treachery is discovered as he attempts to steal the ship and the treasure. Silver is one of the great all-time literary characters and arguably the best-known fictional pirate ever. In Black Sails, Silver is clever and opportunistic.Accuracy: Long John Silver is surprisingly accurate. Like many pirates, he had lost a limb in battle somewhere: this would have entitled him to extra loot under most pirate articles. Also like ma ny crippled pirates, he became a ships cook. His treachery and ability to switch sides back and forth mark him as a true pirate. He was quartermaster under the notorious Captain Flint: it was said that Silver was the only man Flint feared. This is accurate as well, as the quartermaster was the second-most important post on a pirate ship and an important check on the captains power. Captain Jack Sparrow Where he appears: The Pirates of the Caribbean movies and all sorts of other Disney commercial tie-ins: video games, toys, books, etc.Description: Captain Jack Sparrow, as played by actor Johnny Depp, is a lovable rogue who can switch sides in a heartbeat but always seems to wind up on the side of the good guys. Sparrow is charming and slick and can talk himself into and out of trouble quite easily. He has a deep attachment to piracy and to being captain of a pirate ship.Accuracy: Captain Jack Sparrow is not very historically accurate. He is said to be a leading member of the Brethren Court, a confederation of pirates. While there was a loose organization in the late seventeenth century called the Brethren of the Coast, its members were buccaneers and privateers, not pirates. Pirates rarely worked together and even robbed one another at times. Captain Jacks preference for weapons such as pistols and sabers is accurate. His ability to use his wits instead of brute force was a hallmark of some, but not many pirates: Howell Davis and Bartholomew Roberts are two examples. Other aspects of his character, such as turning undead as part of an Aztec curse, are of course nonsense. Captain Hook Where he appears: Captain Hook is the main antagonist of Peter Pan. He made his first appearance in J.M. Barries 1904 play Peter Pan, or, the boy who wouldnt grow up. He has appeared in just about everything related to Peter Pan since including movies, books, cartoons, video games, etc.Description: Hook is a handsome pirate who dresses in fancy clothes. He has a hook in place of one hand since losing the hand to Peter in a sword fight. Peter fed the hand to a hungry crocodile, which now follows Hook around hoping to eat the rest of him. Lord of the pirate village in Neverland, Hook is clever, wicked and cruel.Accuracy: Hook is not terribly accurate, and in fact has spread certain myths about pirates. He is constantly looking to make Peter, the lost boys or any other enemy walk the plank. This myth is now commonly associated with pirates largely because of Hooks popularity, although very few pirate crews ever forced someone to walk the plank. Hooks for hands are also now a popular par t of pirate Halloween costumes, although there are no famous historical pirates who ever wore one. Dread Pirate Roberts Where he appears: Dread Pirate Roberts is a character in the 1973 novel The Princess Bride and the 1987 movie of the same name.Description: Roberts is a very fearsome pirate who terrorizes the seas. It is revealed, however, that Roberts (who wears a mask) is not one but several men who have handed the name down to a series of successors. Each Dread Pirate Roberts retires when wealthy after training his replacement. Westley, the hero of the book and movie, was Dread Pirate Roberts for a while before leaving to seek Princess Buttercup, his true love.Accuracy: Very little. There is no record of pirates franchising their name or doing anything for true love, unless their true love of gold and plunder counts. Just about the only thing historically accurate is the name, a nod to Bartholomew Roberts, the greatest pirate of the Golden Age of Piracy. Still, the book and movie are a lot of fun!

Q. Explain how high risk investments can end up contaminating fixed Essay

Q. Explain how high risk investments can end up contaminating fixed income securities - Essay Example This essay tries to answer how the high-risk investments contaminate fixed income securities. Although fixed income securities are safe to invest in, their earnings are relatively low thus it is wiser for an investor to invest in high-risk investments in the short run since the chances of earning more are high. The anticipated higher returns as stated above have led to the contamination of fixed income securities since an investor who aims to generate more income tends to invest in high-risk investments (International Monetary Fund, 2004). Liquidity is another factor of contaminating fixed income securities since the high-risk investments are easily convertible to cash in comparison to the fixed income securities (The Wall Street journal, 2010). This means that fixed income securities demand is low in the open market thus in case of inflation; an investor will lose more due to the depreciation of his principle amount. In high-risk investment, the market is always open thus one can sell his stock when he anticipates that its value will reduce incase of anticipated inflation. The risk of missing opportunity also contributes to high-risk investments contaminating fixed income securities (Moodys manual of investments, American and foreign, 1998). If the investor does not invest in a risky investment and the high returns are realized, he will curse why he did not take the risk. This makes it more possible for an investor to take the opportunity in high-risks investment more than in in the fixed income

Smart phones Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Smart phones - Research Paper Example This link provides details about the law suits and the overall situation that is going on between Apple Inc, and other major players namely Nokia first, and now Samsung secondly. It gives an alarming note to Apple that the time and energy consumed in law suits is having a negative impact on the overall performance and standing of the company thereby it needs to get its act right in time. Assessment: this book provides an insight into the visionary man Steve jobs and his efforts how he changed the overall dynamics of operating systems and mobile interfaces in particular. He is the pioneer behind the newly introduced version of mobile phones in form of touch screens that were introduced in early part of 21st century. 6- Koetsier, John. http://venturebeat.com/2013/04/01/android-up-13-ios-down-7-blackberry-down-81-and-windows-phone-up-a-massive-52/. 1 April 2013. 8 May 2013 . Assessment: This article again provides a descriptive assessment of the findings from market standings and the current situation of the mobile phones. It provides the points gained in terms of popularity and the points lost in terms of market share by Samsung and Apple respectively. Assessment: This book takes into account the design, the relevant considerations in lieu of design, the methods incorporated, the tools that are used to facilitate the users of smart phones and other practices that are in common usage for purpose of communication establishment. Assessment: The study of this source is of high importance since it allows clear understanding of the concepts of Android Operating systems, the open source applications, the O.H.A, and the users who contribute towards making Android O.S more effective. The book provides a holistic over view of the entire set of operations that are in

Compare the opening of Zeffirelli Essay Example for Free

Compare the opening of Zeffirelli Essay Baz Luhrmann and Zeffirelli both interpret the play differently, as they both had different target audiences. Baz Luhrmann made a modern version to appeal to teenagers. He wanted to get them interested in Shakespeare, and create a different opinion of Shakespeare. Whereas, Zeffirelli aimed to capture a slightly wider audience. He aimed to recreate the time in which Shakespeare intended the play to be set. He would make the date apparent through set designs and costumes. Baz Luhrmanns version was more modern; for example he used guns instead of swords, in the fight scene, in order to attract and capture his audience. However he kept the original script, so he didnt detract from the actual play and create a completely different film. He used cars and petrol stations, as apposed to a town with market stalls. This helped to make the action faster and more upbeat. As Baz used guns instead of swords, the word sword was in scripted on the gun, to make it easier to understand, with the original text. On the other hand, Zeffirelli wanted to keep as close to the time of Shakespeare, as possible. He set it in a town centre, with market stalls around. Zeffirelli wanted to get across the clear division of the families. You were either a Montague or a Capulet, there was no in between, I think this shows how damaging and serious the violence was. When the bell was rung in the town, it displayed the clear involvement of the whole town,, it also shows the rivalry and hatred between the families, when they raced out with swords, when the brawl broke out. In Baz Luhrmanns version the prologue was repeated in different formats. In the first format of the prologue, there was a blank screen, at the beginning, which built up the suspense. Then a few seconds later, a television screen, with a news reporter, zooms in. The reporter is reporting the brawl as the latest piece of news. There is s an image of a broken ring, which symbolises a relationship with a bad ending. The second format of the prologue is from a birds eye view, over the town. There is an image of a person lying dead on a mattress. This signifies the seriousness of the brawls and it shows that the families will go to any lengths to hurt the other family. Also there were images of fire, police and ambulances. This gives the impression of a corrupt society with no order. There is a large image of two buildings, with the names Montague and Capulet, clearly on the top of them. In the middle of the two buildings there is a statue of Jesus, this image signifies the direct competition between the two families. I think it also represents judgment and that at heart; both families want the same things. The last format of the prologue, text was flying across the screen. It was flashy and bold, which made it eye catching and easy to read. There was then sill close ups of the main characters, with their character name beside it. This made it easy to follow and clear who was who. Baz Luhrmann used bright colours for costumes and lively, fast, exciting music, which helped get the audiences attention. Whereas Baz Luhrmann has used loud, fast music, Zeffirelli has used the complete opposite. In Zeffirellis prologue he has used calm, peaceful music and he has used woodwind instruments, to create renaissance- style music. There is a voice over speaking the prologue. Like Baz Luhrmann, Zeffirelli has used bright colours. There is an opening image of the market, which sets the scene. It gives the impression of a town caught up in and gripped by hatred and rivalry. There is an angle shot of a Capulets legs and their costumes, this straight away emphasises the period. In Baz Luhrmanns fight scene, there is a sign, in the petrol garage saying Add more fuel to your fire, this has a double meaning. There is a close up of the heel grinding the cigarette, shows the rivalry and hatred. Also the close up of Tybalts eyes show the hatred he has and his anger, whilst at the same time displaying his pleasure in angering the Capulet family. This also creates suspense. The sound of gunshots and helicopters, indicate that someone has been hurt. Zeffirellis fight scene is set in the town centre. When an onlooker says Look at them, it gets the audience to focus on the rivalry, objectively, rather than being drawn in. the close ups of expressions, emphasise the hatred and disgust in each other. When they trip up an old man from the other family, it shows the cruelty of the brawls. Before Tybalt enters, there is no music, in order to show his importance. The close up of his eyes also shows his confidence. When the two sides are running into town from their different sides, it shows the clear divide of the two families. At the end of the brawl, when the prince enters, there is a low angle shot of him, to show his status. There is then a long shot of the big crowd to show the extent of the violence. In conclusion, they are both effective and successful in appealing to their target audiences. I think that Baz Luhrmann appealed to his teenage audience well, and I think he achieved his goal, as he made it fast and it was action packed. It was exciting and upbeat, in order to attract and grip his teenage audience. I think it gets teenagers to rethink their impressions about Shakespeare and start to understand more about his plays. However I think it differs from what Shakespeare intended and possibly relates a different message about Shakespeare (which may be a good thing however, it makes him seem like something he is not and Baz Luhrmann cant make a new and more exciting version of all Shakespeares plays! ) I think Zeffireli was very successful in recreating the period of Shakespeare, and he portrayed the divide within the town very well. However I think that maybe Zeffirellis version was a little too laid back and soft, as I think that Shakespeare would have intended a little more violence and a stronger sense of hatred between the two families, also I think Zeffirelli didnt really show the competition and enjoyment that the young rivals got from winding each other up and starting brawls, too well. However, I do think that both Baz Luhrmann and Zeffireli were successful in capturing the target audience, in the first scenes, and directing their adaptations of Romeo and Juliet.

Heritage of Blue Highways Essay -- Blue Highways

Heritage of Blue Highways In the country travelers' Bible, Blue Highways, William Least Heat Moon takes a journey into his Native American heritage as well as into the heart of American culture. As a person of mixed ancestry, Least Heat Moon wishes to seek the history and experiences of his past in his travels. He is especially interested in the Native American element of his heritage because he had no knowledge of his ancestry as he was growing up. At the point at which he begins his journey, after being a student and scholar of Renaissance literature, Least Heat Moon is able to identify more freely with his past ("Whispers..." 58-60). After completing his exploration, Least Heat Moon rewrote the manuscript of his book six times and struggled to find literary agents and publishers. Eventually Least Heat Moon changed the title of the book to Blue Highways, and his luck began to change. Throughout several stops within the book, Least Heat Moon relates episodes in the history of his Native American ancestors' lives and experiences. He even changed his name from William Trogdon to his Native American title: William Least Heat Moon. The author explains, "My father calls himself Heat-Moon, my elder brother Little Heat-Moon. I, coming last, am therefore Least" (4). He took the name in order to identify with his ancestry and to honor his Native American kinsmen. However, one critic thought the changing of his name to be less than genuine saying, "It does not come from Osage country but from Boy Scout make-believe" ("Whispers..." 58-59). Even though William Least Heat Moon knew very little about his Native American past, he was able to recall a long-forgotten family story about one o... ...er the Nez Perce were forced out of here in the eighteen seventies and the Army sold off their horses" (250). Least Heat Moon often tells how the Native American way of living was not harmful to the land and how their ways were quickly overtaken by the dominating white ways of today. Throughout Blue Highways, William Least Heat Moon identifies many Native American traditions as well as his own Native American ancestry. Even though Least Heat Moon changed his name to clearly identify with his Native American ancestry, he didn't choose it in order to forget about his other lineage. He explains, "I will choose for heart, for spirit, but never will I choose for blood" (5). The main goal of his trip was to head for undiscovered parts of America, but it also provided the chance for Least Heat Moon to connect with his Native American past.

Major Games in Amateur Sport Essay

â€Å"The world of major sports events is a dynamic, evolving and growing industry (like the business of sport itself), with an increasing number of major world events†¦ broadcasting rights and cut throat competition to be the host.† (Gratton et al, 2001, 63)   The Deaflympics program will present 20 different competitive events in the following summer disciplines: †¢ Athletics – Track and Field: †¢ Badminton: Team competition/Men's and Women's singles /Men's and Women's doubles /Mixed doubles †¢ Basketball – Team tournament for men and women. †¢ Beach Volleyball – Team tournament for men and women. †¢ Bowling – Singles – Six games /Doubles – Six games /Trios  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Six games /Team (5 players) †¢ Cycling Road – Sprint /Individual Time Trial /Road Race /Points Race †¢ Football – Team tournament for men and women. †¢ Handball – Team tournament for men and women. †¢ Judo †¢ Karate †¢ Taekwondo – Men Women †¢ Orienteering – Long Event /Relay Event /Sprint Event †¢ Shooting – Free Rifle prone /Free Rifle three positions /Air Rifle /Free Pistol /Rapid Fire Pistol †¢ Swimming – Freestyle / Backstroke/Breaststroke /Butterfly Individual Medley Team relay †¢ Table Tennis – Men's and Women's singles /Men's and Women's doubles /Men's and Women's teams /Mixed doubles/ †¢ Tennis – Men's and Women's singles /Men's and Women's doubles /Mixed doubles †¢ Volleyball – Team tournament for men and women. †¢ Water Polo- Team tournament for men only. †¢ Wrestling Freestyle -The  wrestling competitions will consist of the following events (men only): †¢ Wrestling Greco-Roman men only The â€Å"bid to host† process involves two critical steps.   The Initial applications must be submitted to the International Olympic Committee.   Procedural contact via the IOC will be made with the International Committee of Sports for the Deaf. However, protocol indicates that final decision remains with the oversight sanctioning body of The Summer and Winter  Deaflympics, the International Olympic Committee. â€Å"The increasing complexity of the relationship between a greater number of public and private actors has challenged the political and institutional capacity of the state to steer the policy choices affecting society and the economy.†Ã‚   (Budd et al, 2004, 12) The national and local level participation requires an official application from the â€Å"Applicant City.†Ã‚     Known as the candidature acceptance procedure, a questionnaire in Phase One of the bid process is submitted to the IOC. The collaboration between the local sponsors, city officials and bid committee benefit from a complete overview of organizing the Deaflympics and of what will be expected from them should they be selected as Candidate Cities and reach Phase Two of the procedure. Venue selection for each sport must meet the following general criteria. However the most important and over whelming factor is broadcast access.   â€Å"The struggle for control over Olympic communication is centered on television, the medium largely responsible for transforming the modern Olympic movement.† (Larson et al, 1993, 65) On a secondary yet vital level, the type and condition of the competition surface or field of play, seating capacity and format, number of locker rooms, training amenities, equipment storage, sports shops, concession stands, public address and multi media system, box office, press facilities, communications, parking/handicap access, scheduling, medical facilities and advertising. Upon selection, a second standard specific to the sport will be evaluated. Ever more policy makers view telecommunications as a strategic resource hence the financial foundation of the bid is paramount to success of the games. (Read et al, 1996, 9) To ensure the security of athletes, coaches, and fans the need for professional security support, trained staff and volunteers, communication equipment, local, national and international media, accreditation, VIP room and services.   Most importantly liability and cancellation insurance, physician(s) on-site, first aid facilities on-site, emergency medical services, strategies for injuries and an emergency evacuation strategy must be in place. Critical to the planning and implementation to the plan require participation from local communities by actively attending the games and using their purchasing power. All local and state wide sport organizations will provide professional help with the operational aspects of the events. Regarding sports issues, â€Å"it is necessary to have some appreciation of the structure of government, the development and organization of sport and the dominant pattern of policy-making.†   (Houlihan, 1997, 22) The ï€  Municipal Government, local and state wide business community together with state wide corporate sponsors must provide the fund raising mechanism to initiate the application process, maintain operational support thru to the completion of the games. Gratton, Chris Sport in the City: The Role of Sport in Economic and Social Regeneration.Publisher: Routledge. Place of Publication: London. Publication Year: 2001. Page Number: 63. Budd, Adrian, Sport and International Relations: An Emerging Relationship. Publisher: Routledge. Place of Publication: New York. Publication Year: 2004. Page Number: 112. Larson, James F., Global Television and the Politics of the Seoul Olympics. Publisher: Westview Press. Place of Publication: Boulder, CO. Publication Year: 1993. Page Number: 65. Houlihan, Barrie Sport, Policy, and Politics: A Comparative Analysis. Publisher: Routledge. Place of Publication: London. Publication Year: 1997. Page Number: 22. Read, William H. Telecommunications Strategy for Economic Development. Publisher: Praeger Publishers. Place of Publication: Westport, CT. Publication Year: 1996. Page Number: 9.      

Interpreting Poetry Essay

Ballads have been a popular invention of troubadours since the inception of poetry. A ballad is a folksong typically with a tragic ending or a lover’s getting married ending. This paper will break down the ballad of Bonnie Barbara Allen in a stanza by stanza presentation, as well as present how the ballad’s story pertains to modernity through folk singing. Ballads are an interpretation of a common emotion. In Barbara Allen the main characters are Barbara and Sir John Graeme. Sometimes the ballad shifts in the man’s name; in other versions of this same ballad the man is called Willie Grove, sweet Willie Graeme, Sweet William, Jemmye Grove (Diary of Pepys paragraph 4). With such differences in names to describe the man in this ballad, and by use of the adjective ‘sweet’ to describe him, it may be surmised that the sympathies of the ballad-singer as well as the audience, lie with the man in the story and not with Barbara Allen. It is no doubt that in this ballad, the female is given the characteristic of being cruel. This is shown as her eventually leaving Sir John Graeme on his deathbed without returning his love. She spurns him because he slighted her in a public tavern (some versions are different) and it is this slight which makes her maintain her cruelty. Sir John Graeme dies, and Barbara Allen is so stricken with grief that she too dies (in some versions of the ballad, either lovers grave grows a rose and a thorn and they intertwine, and in another version Sir John Graeme dances on Barbara Allen’s grave). The theme of the ballad is quite perceptibly about forgiveness. In essence, as with most ballads, Barbara Allen tries to moralize the story under the cruelest conditions. In analysis the creativity of the ballad through use of word choice, setting and narrative, the reader is bombarded with Old English (for the ballad was created in the 12th century when it was written into Pepys’ Diary of Ballads, but had been travelling through England, Scotland and Ireland via oral tradition hundreds of years prior to it being written down). The first stanza places the listener or reader in a timeframe (Martinmas time, or November 11th (Wollstadt 315)). In the setting of the scene the singer goes on to describe that the ‘green leaves were a falling’ (Pepys paragraph 1). Although the first stanza tells of John’s love for Barbara, there is an immediate swift change of scene from love to death between the 1st and 2nd stanza (Oliver 10-11). Barbara is bid to come to the ‘my master dear’ (Pepys paragraph 1). The symbolism of the green leaves falling and of John’s body being so close to death represents a great use of metaphor by the writer. What should also be noted is that typically when a leaf falls, it is not in fact green, but of various colours including red, yellow, orange. This is because the chlorophyll has been ‘sucked’ back into the tree for the winter (it’s like the tree harvesting health for the upcoming colder months). Thus, for the green leaves to be falling would suggest that the tree has suffered some plight instead of them falling simply because of the season. This allusion of the ballad mirrors John’s broken heart (Oliver 11-12). He is a young man, in the prime of his days, but he dies of a broken heart. What is of further interest is that a tree will keep the green in its leaves, even when the tree is dying of what is called ‘heart rot†. Thus, the reader is prepared for the upcoming scene of sorrow for both John and Barbara. The 3rd stanza reveals a somewhat cold Barbara Allen. She does go to John’s side, on his bequest, and when she arrives, all the ballad says, she says, â€Å"’Young man, I think you’re dying’† (Pepys paragraph 1). The motions with which she uses to go to John’s deathbed are very revealing to the reader. The stanza relays that she slowly (hooly) got up upon being requested to John’s side. We must assume she knew he was dying, or that she was reluctant to see him, because of the way she feels he slighted her. However, upon the true revelation of John’s state of death, all she can say is â€Å"Young man, I think you’re dying† (Pepys paragraph 1). It is in the 4th stanza that the reader is revealed to John’s state: He’s dying of a broken heart. This is an actual medical concern known as of takotsubo cardiomyopathy, or broken heart syndrome. It may safely assumed that this is indeed what is the death of Sir John Graeme, for, upon Barbara Allen leaving him, without returning his love, the death toll rings. In turn then, Barbara Allen may also have died from takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Sir John’s statement further supports this notion as in the 4th stanza he states, â€Å"I’m sick†¦/And tis a for Barbara Allan† (Pepys paragraph 1). If John’s heart truly is breaking, it does so in the 5th stanza as Barbara states that she doesn’t love him (or hides it because she’s angry with him) because of the injustice she feels she suffered at the tavern when John ‘slighted’ her. The 4th and the 5th stanza’s are full of dialogue and not much narrative. This is done in order to get the back story of these two people and to know the emotional reasoning for Barbara’s actions. The narrative of the 6th stanza reveals more the dialogue between the couple as revealed in their actions. John turns his face to the way when Barbara tells of why she doesn’t love him. This action may be interpreted as being shame on John’s part for what he did while drinking at a tavern. The entire 6th stanza in fact reads like a domestic dispute reconciliation (or what may be a reconciliation). What is interesting to note is that John doesn’t ask for forgiveness from Barbara for what he may or may not have done while he may or may not have been drunk. Thus, in turn, Barbara doesn’t forgive him. Thus, the theme of forgiveness comes back into play; meaning, if either one had forgiven the other, perhaps their hearts would not have broken. However, both characters have too much pride to ask for forgiveness and thus they inevitably befall a tragic ending. It is interesting to not however that while John is dying his last request is for people to be kind to Barbara Allen, which signifies his fault as well as her stubbornness. (i. e. because she wouldn’t grant a dying man his last wish). The repetition in the 7th stanza of Barbara moving slowly leaving John was seen early in the ballad when she slowly came to see him. Thus, once she was slow to see him and now she is reluctant to leave him. It is in the 7th stanza that the reader begins to see the human side of Barbara Allen appear. It is with this movement and her statement in the 9th stanza of dying tomorrow, that the reader may begin to sympathize with the woman. Her cruelty can only be redeemed through her dying as well, and it is in her death that the reader realizes that she did love John, but could not forgive a man who did not ask for forgiveness. Works Cited Diary of Samuel Pepys. Barbara Allen. (2009). Online. 29 March 2009. < http://www. pepysdiary. com/p/9570. php> Oliver, Mary. Poetry Handbook. (1994). Harvest Books. New York. Wollstadt, Lynn. Controlling Women: â€Å"Reading Gender in the Ballads Scottish Women Sang† Western Folklore, vol. 61, no. ? (Autumn 2002). Pp. 295-317.

(2).doc Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

(2).doc Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers ..3 1 .5 1.1. ...5 1.2. 7 ..17 2 19 2.1 - , 19 2.2 ..22 ...24 ...26 .28 . . . , . - , , . , . , , . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . , . . : , , . , , . , , , . . , . , . . . . , : 1. . 2. . 3. - , . 4. . : : ; , ; -; . , , . : , , (16 , 4 ). 29 , 27 . 1 1.1. , . , , . (R. Querk) - (, , , , , ). - . (O. Jasperson) , , , , shall will [4, . 70]. , , . . , , shall , , , : You shall go to the dining room first (). You shall not do that again (-). You shall not run away before you answer (). Whatever I know, you shall know () [1, . 81-82]. , ( shall ) , , . will, ,

How to Make a Smoke Bomb Fountain Firework

How to Make a Smoke Bomb Fountain Firework Kick the traditional smoke bomb recipe up a notch to make a firework fountain that shoots purple flames with lots of smoke. This is a fun and easy homemade firework project. Plus, its economical. You can get a long-lasting display for quite a lot less money than it would cost to purchase a fountain firework. Smoke Bomb Fountain Materials SugarPotassium nitrate (sold as saltpeter or stump remover)Toilet paper tubeAluminum foil Construct the Smoke Bomb Fountain This is the traditional homemade smoke bomb, except instead of making small cookie-sized smoke bombs, you pour the smoke bomb mixture into a toilet paper tube. You wrap the outside of the tube with foil so that the smoke and fire will escape out the top of the tube. Finally, you take the fountain outside and light the edge of the toilet paper tube. Wrap the bottom and sides of an empty toilet paper tube with aluminum foil. The purpose of the foil is to direct the fountain upward.In a skillet, mix together 1/2 cup of sugar with 1/2 cup of potassium nitrate.Stir the mixture over medium heat.Continue cooking the smoke bomb fountain mixture until it is brown and well-mixed.Remove the mixture from heat and pour or spoon it into the foil-wrapped tube. Allow the tube to cool so you can handle it.Take the fountain firework outdoors and place it on a fire-safe surface, away from trees or buildings.Light the toilet paper tube on fire with a long-handled lighter or match. Move away from the fountain.After the firework is done, douse the area with water to make sure the fire is out. Disclaimer: Please be advised that the content provided by our website is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Fireworks and the chemicals contained within them are dangerous and should always be handled with care and used with common sense. By using this website you acknowledge that ThoughtCo., its parent About, Inc. (a/k/a Dotdash), and IAC/InterActive Corp. shall have no liability for any damages, injuries, or other legal matters caused by your use of fireworks or the knowledge or application of the information on this website. The providers of this content specifically do not condone using fireworks for disruptive, unsafe, illegal, or destructive purposes. You are responsible for following all applicable laws before using or applying the information provided on this website.

Superbugs and misusage of antibiotics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Superbugs and misusage of antibiotics - Essay Example However, the common used of antibiotics is for bacterial resistance. The discovery of antibiotics was only possible in the 19th century (History Learning Site 2013). One of the main contributors to the development of antibiotics was Alexander Fleming. He accidentally discovered penicillin in 1928 from a culture plate of Staphylococcus bacteria (FAS n.d.). The culture plate had been left unattended during a two weeks vacation and became invested with Penicillium notatum mold (FAS n.d.). In the plate, he noted there was a clear space surrounding the yellow green mould. The observation led to a postulate that Penicillin was capable of limiting bacteria growth (FAS n.d.). In later periods, other researchers took over and were able to purify penicillin. Moreover, there was more production of penicillin in pharmaceuticals industries for treatment of soldiers during World War II (FAS n.d.). Consequently, penicillin was used in the treatment of pneumonia, diphtheria, syphilis, gonorrhoea, an d many other infections (FAS n.d.). Since this period, there has been the emergence of various antibiotics. On the other hand, there has been increased use of antibiotics in hospitals and patients. As a result, the constant use and reliance on antibiotics have led to their abuse. Consequently, this has led to antibiotics resistance with disastrous consequences to the community and health care sector. One of such bacteria is Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The bacteria have been popular especially in British hospitals. A study carried out showed that MRSA bacteria in the United Kingdom were more than 15 times as compared to the safest countries (Marsh 2013). A reflection on MRSA helps in highlighting its impact, ways of spread, treatment, prevention and public health participation by society and politician. The antibiotic resistance has become an area of concern. The resistance occurs when strains of bacteria in the human or animal body becomes resistant to antibi otics due to poor use and abuse of antibiotics (American College of Physicians (ACP) 2013). Some of the resistance develops in hospitals. This is because in hospitals, there is usually administration of millions of doses of antibiotics in a day (ACP 2013). As a result, there is increased chance of developing resistance in hospital as compared to other sectors. Moreover, some of the prescription may be faulty. This may occur as the doctors prescribe the use of antibiotics for cold, coughs and other viral infections (Pechere 2001). On the other hand, there are those individuals that demand physicians to authorize the use of antibiotics just because of common cold. Moreover, other gets antibiotics over the counter. Consequently, most of antibiotics are taken for control of viral infection instead of bacterial disease. Therefore, failure to test by physicians leads to increased dose of antibiotics taken for viral disease. Consequently, majority of antibiotics are abused and misused. On the other hand, failure to complete the dosage of antibiotics as prescribed by doctor lead to the development of resistance (ACP 2013). Therefore, the improper use and abuse of antibiotics has contributed significantly to the development of antibiotic resistance (ACP 2013). Various types of superbug have emerged today. One example is the Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) (Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) 2000). However, its problem arose in 1996 as it was in hospital patients in Australia (ABC